Executive Summary
During the past few years, new technologies have emerged that, if properly nurtured, could provide the key to a broader effort to wean Americans off foreign oil, drastically reduce pollution, help slow global warming and revolutionize portable power. One is an industrial process that may make ethanol far cheaper to produce than ever before, with the potential of making this much-maligned-and over-subsidized-biofuel economically competitive with gasoline. This is far more promising, in the near term, than much of the research on which we're currently spending federal dollars and intellectual energy.
As far as the science books are concerned, ethanol is merely a form of alcohol, commonly produced from corn, which is mixed in with gasoline to provide transportation power. The ethanol industry produced 4 billion gallons last year, less than 3 percent of the volume of gasoline consumed by Americans. As a result, only a small fraction of gas stations actually sell ethanol-gasohol mixtures.
A new and promising technology has the potential to make ethanol fuels much more practical. This method for producing ethanol not from corn kernels, but from the plant's stalk, roots and leaves, is known as cellulosic material. So-called cellulosic ethanol has been around for years, but breaking down the cellulose to make it fermentable was inefficient, expensive, and manufactured a fair amount of pollution. But only until recently have companies developed a process for making it more efficiently. Cellulosic ethanol made from stalks and husks (and other plant cellulose material) still has to be fermented, but it uses cast-off waste products of food that's already being grown.
Cellulosic is just one form of biomass, which is energy produced from organic substances. Biomass is derived from many types of waste organic matter, both animal and vegetable, such as crop stalks, tree thinning, wooden pallets, construction waste, animal waste, agricultural waste and lawn trimmings, etc.
Using renewable resources for our future energy supply is a step in the right direction because it environmentally friendly by reducing pollution and helping to preserve other energy sources which are scarcer. It also represents a hope for those nations that are deprived of natural energy sources, like oil and natural gas.
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Classification of biomass in this report
Section A: Bioethanol & Cellulosic Ethanol Market
1. Outlook on U.S. Bioethanol/Cellulosic Ethanol Production Volume and Dollar Amount
1.1 Trends: Annual Production Volume, Production Capacity, and the Number of Refineries
1.1.1 Annual Production Volume, Production Capacity, and the Number of Refineries (actual)
Table 1. Annual Production Volume, Production Capacity, and
the Number of Refineries: 2000- 2005
Figure 1. Annual Production Volume, Production Capacity, and
the Number of Refineries: 2000- 2005
1.1.2 Production Dollar Amount Trends: 2000- 2005
Figure 2. Production Dollar Amount Trends: 2000- 2005
1.1.3 Forecast: Annual Production Volume, Production Capacity, and
the Number of Refineries: 2006- 2011
Table 3. Forecast: Annual Production Volume, Production Capacity, and
the Number of Refineries: 2006- 2011
Figure 3. Forecast: Annual Production Volume, Production Capacity, and
the Number of Refineries: 2006- 2011
1.1.4 Forecast of Annual Production Dollar Amount: 2006- 2011
Table 4. Forecast of Annual Production Dollar Amount: 2006- 2011
Figure 4. Forecast of Annual Production Dollar Amount: 2006- 2011
1.1.4.1 The List of All Bioethanol Production Facilities and Refineries
1.1.4.2 Production Share by Each Company
Table 7. Each Company's Production Share
Figure 5. Each Company's Production Share
1.1.5 Annual Production Outlook: 2015- 2026
Table 7. Annual Production Outlook: 2015- 2026
Figure 6. Annual Production Outlook: 2015- 2026
1.1.6 Annual Production Dollar Outlook: 2015- 2026
Table 8. Annual Production Dollar Outlook: 2015- 2026
Figure 7. Annual Production Dollar Outlook: 2015- 2026
1.2 Comparison between Gasoline Demand, and
Bioethanol/Cellulosic-Ethanol Demand
1.2.3 Comparison Forecast: Comparison between Gasoline Demand, and
Bioethanol/Cellulosic-Ethanol Demand
Feedstock Requires: 2006, 2026
Table 9. Comparison Forecast: 2006, 2026
Figure 8. Comparison Forecast: 2006, 2026
1.3 The Comparison of Bioethanol Price with Gasoline Price: 1982- 2004
1.3.1 The Comparison of Bioethanol Price with Gasoline Price
Figure 9. The Comparison of Bioethanol Price with Gasoline Price
1.3.2 Price Comparison between Ethanol and Gasoline: 2005- 2008
Table 11. Price Comparison between Ethanol and Gasoline: 2005- 2008
Figure 10. Price Comparison between Ethanol and Gasoline: 2005- 2008
1.3.3 Government Assistance (Tax Credit) and Tariff
1.4 Production Volume of Feedstock and Cost Trends
1.4.1 Comparison between Corn Production Volume and Ethanol Production Volume: 2001- 2005
Table 12. Comparison between Corn Production Volume and Ethanol Production Volume
Figure 11. Comparison between Corn Production Volume and Ethanol Production Volume
1.4.2 Market Price Trends of Corn: 2006- 2010
Table 13. Market Price Trends of Corn
Figure 12. Market Price Trends of Corn
2. Bioethanol Vehicle (FFV or Flexible Fuel Vehicle) Production Trends
2.1 The Present State of Environmentally-Friendly Cars
Chart 14. The Present State of Environmentally-Friendly Cars
2.2 Introduction of Different Blends of Bioethanol (by Country)
2.3 Bioethanol Vehicle Strategies by Car Companies
Table 15. Bioethanol Vehicle Strategies by Car Companies
2.4 Bioethanol Vehicle Production Plan and Forecast: 2006-2010
Table 16. Bioethanol Vehicle Production Plan and Forecast
Figure 13. Bioethanol Vehicle Production Plan and Forecast
Table 17. 2007 Bioethanol Car Model
Table 18. Existing Bioethanol Car Model
2.5 Planning of the Gas Stations for Bioethanol Vehicles: 2006-2010
Table 19. Gas Stations Planning on selling Bioethanol
Figure 14. Gas Stations Planning on selling Bioethanol
3. Bioethanol Market's Blind Spot
4. A New Alternative to Oil, and its Outlook
Table 20. Crude Oil Reserves by Region (as of 2006)
Figure 15. Crude Oil Reserves by Region (as of 2006)
Table 21. Coal Reserves by Region (as of 2006)
Figure 16. Coal Reserves by Region (as of 2006)
5. On a Possible Turning Point for the Energy and Environmental Policies, and
Future Outlook
Section B: Cellulosic Ethanol R&D
1. The Definitions and Classifications of Cellulosic Ethanol
Figure 17. The Composition of Cellulosic Biomass
2. Technologies and Marketability
2.1 Historical and Current R&D
2.1.1 Cellulosic Biomass Conversion Processes
2.1.2 Biotechnology and Genetics Engineering
3. Bottlenecks
3.1 Cost of Processing Materials and Commercial Scale of Biorefineries
3.2 Processes
4. Current and Future Trends
4.1 Now and Tomorrow in Material Usage
4.2 Specific Applications and Marketability
4.3 Future Outlook and Commercial Implications
4.3.1 Strengthen of Cellulosic Ethanol
4.3.2 US Government Help
4.3.3 Land use
4.3.4 Reducing Costs
4.3.5 Future Outlook
5. Company and R&D Center Activity
5.1 Companies and R&D Center at a Glance
5.1.1 Technology Companies and R&D Centers
Table 22. At a Glance (Name of Organizations, Location, Technology Focus,
Current R&D Stage, Partnership/Strategic Alliance)
5.1.2 Other Cellulosic Ethanol Companies and R&D Centers
5.1.3 Strategic Alliances At-a-Glance
Cellulosic Alliances 1
Cellulosic Alliances 2
Cellulosic Alliances 3
6. Activities of Cellulosic Ethanol R&D Companies and R&D Centers
Common Research Items:
• Department and URL
• R&D and Type of Technology
• Target Applications
• Technology Details and Advantages
• Complications in Technology Development
• Future Outlook for This Technology
• Next Stage of R&D and Commercial Implications
• Partnerships and Alliances
6.1 To 6.16 (Total 16 Companies and R&D Centers)
Section C: Biomass R&D
1. Historical and Current R&D
1.1 Converting Biomass to Biofuel
1.2 Bottlenecks
2. Current and Future Trends in Material Usage
2.1 Examples of Biomass
2.2 Specific Applications and Marketability
3. Future Outlook and Commercial Implications
4. Company and R&D Center Activity
4.1 Companies and R&D Center at a Glance
4.1.1 Technology Companies and R&D Centers
Table 25. At a Glance
4.1.2 Service Companies
Table 26. At a Glance
4.1.3 Supply Companies
Table 27. At a Glance
4.1.4 Other Biomass Companies
4.2 Strategic Alliances At-a-Glance
Table 29. At a Glance
Biomass Company Alliances 1
Biomass Company Alliances 2
5. Activities of Biomass Companies and R&D Cenetrs
Common Research Items:
• Department and URL
• R&D and Type of Technology
• Target Applications
• Technology Details and Advantages
• Complications in Technology Development
• Future Outlook for This Technology
• Next Stage of R&D and Commercial Implications
• Partnerships and Alliances
5.1 Biomass R&D Companies and R&D Centers
5.1.1 to 5.1.10 (Total 10)
5.2 Biomass Service Companies and Organizations
5.2.1 to 5.2.2 (Total 2)
5.3 Biomass Supply Companies
5.3.1 (Total 1)
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